Factors Related to Stress among Employees in a Wire Connecter Assembly for Electric Appliances Factory in Amata Nakorn Industry Estate, Chonburi Province
Kumpol Nakjaroenwaree Srirat Lormphongs Jitraphan Pusapukdepob Orawan Kaewboonchoo

ABSTRACT
This cross-sectional research was conducted to investigate stress determine the related factors with among employees in a wire connecter assembly for electric appliances factory in Amata Nakorn industry estate, Chonburi province. One hundred and thirty employees were selected by stratified sampling. Method used in this study was a questionnaire and statistical techniques used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, Pearson correlation and chi square. The finding of study showed that 86.2% was female, mean of age was 35.25 years old, 56.2% was married, 56.2% was graduated Lower secondary or high school, mean of work years was 4.92 years, 53.8 % worked 8 hours per day and 84.6% and 70.0% were at a moderate level of the job satisfaction and income package by sequence. 65.4% the employees have subjective fatigue at a moderate level, 31.5% the employees experience fatigue a low level and 3.1% at high level. 49.2% the employees have subjective stress at a normal level, 43.8% slightly higher than normal, 3.8% extremely lower than normal, 1.5% moderately higher than normal, and 1.5% extremely higher than normal. The correlation between the job satisfaction and subjective stress was significant at the 0.05 level, and the correlation between two factors, income package and fatigue, and subjective stress was significant at the 0.01 level. This research can be used in consideration for the planning to adjust and support factors related to stress in the employees.

Keywords: Stress; Fatigue; Employees in a Wire Connecter Assembly; Chonburi

Factors influencing Musculoskeletal Disorder Prevention Behaviors of Thai Massage Practitioners
Kanthaphim Bamrungw Surintorn Kalampakorn Ann Jirapongsuwan

ABSTRACT
This cross-sectional research aimed to study factors influencing musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors of the Thai massage practitioner in Bangkok area. PRECEDE-PROCEED Framework was applied in this research. The sample consisted of 320 Thai massage practitioners, randomly selected by stratified cluster sampling. A self-administered questionnaire, Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used. The study showed that 87.2% of Thai massage practitioners was female with an average age of 36 years (x = 35.5, SD = 9.9) with half having completed high school education or lower. Average monthly income was 10,789 Baths (approximately 300 USD) (x = 10,789.4, SD = 4,080.1) in addition to an average of 5 years working experience (x = 5.3, SD = 5.1). Average working hours were 6 hours per day (x = 6.1, SD = 1.1) and 61.9% worked6 days per week. Subjects had experienced musculoskeletal disorders at least once in the past 12 months and 7 days showed that musculoskeletal disorders were mostly at the shoulder areas. For predisposing factors included Knowledge about musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors, Attitudes toward the prevention of musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors and Self-efficacy on musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors. Enabling factors included access to health information, work environment arrangement, and Organization of work system. Reinforcing factors included questions about receiving encouragement and musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors had a moderate level. Among predisposing factors, it was found that work experience, working hours, attitudes toward the prevention of musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors, and self-efficacy on musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors had relationships with musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors. Enabling factors were access to health information, work environment arrangement, and organization of work system. A reinforcing factor was receiving encouragement from co-workers, employers and health personnel who had familiarity with musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors. These factors were related to musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors in the Thai massage practitioner with statistical significance of 0.05. In addition, the results showed that perception of musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors, work environment arrangement, organization of work system, and receiving encouragement altogether could explain 31.9% of variance in musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors in the Thai massage practitioner. The study suggested that in order to increase the level of musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors, health personnel should promote perception of musculoskeletal disorder prevention behaviors, especially correct working posture. Moreover, employers should properly set working hours, work environment arrangements and the organization of the work system to promote a better quality of life.

Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorder; Prevention behaviors; Thai massage practioners

Factors Related To Binge Drinking Among Male Vocational Students In Surin Province
Rattiya Tonpornkrang Pornnapa Homsin Rungrat Srisuriyawate

ABSTRACT
The study was aimed to determine the factors influencing work-related accidental prevention behaviors of garbage collectors. The participants were 270 garbage collectors in Banglamung district Chon Buri province, Thailand. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were 270, recruited by using a proportionate simple random sampling method. The questionnaires were dealing with personal data, knowledge and attitude of accidental prevention, support in Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), organization training, organization policy, social support and accidental prevention behaviors. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient values of attitude toward accidental prevention, social support, and accidental prevention behaviors were 0.88, 0.89 and 0.76, respectively. Descriptive statistic analysis, Point Biserial Correlation Coefficients, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation, and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis were used for data analysis. The results revealed that an overall health prevention behavior among garbage collectors was at the moderate level. The 6 factors, i.e., age, experiences of accident, knowledge of accidental prevention, support in PPE, organization policy, and social support were correlated with work-related accidental prevention at the level of p-value < .05. The significant of individual factors according to R2= .194, at the level of p-value < .05 were as follows, i.e., social support, experiences of accidental, age, knowledge of accidental prevention, and organization policy. The results of this study could be used to recommend that garbage collectors should get the support in PPE equipment, knowledge and advices from the foreman colleague or health staffs to increase the accidental prevention. Awareness of accidental prevention behaviors to working procedure, using PPE and take care of yourself should be promoted by an occupational health nurse and health staffs.

Keywords:Accidental Prevention Behaviors; Garbage Collectors

Factors Influencing Work-Related Accidental Prevention Behaviors of Garbage Collectors In Banglamung District Chonburi Province
Noppharat Thiangkhamdee Chantana Chantawong Pornnapa Homsin

ABSTRACT
The study was aimed to determine the factors influencing work-related accidental prevention behaviors of garbage collectors. The participants were 270 garbage collectors in Banglamung district Chon Buri province, Thailand. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were 270, recruited by using a proportionate simple random sampling method. The questionnaires were dealing with personal data, knowledge and attitude of accidental prevention, support in Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), organization training, organization policy, social support and accidental prevention behaviors. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient values of attitude toward accidental prevention, social support, and accidental prevention behaviors were 0.88, 0.89 and 0.76, respectively. Descriptive statistic analysis, Point Biserial Correlation Coefficients, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation, and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis were used for data analysis. The results revealed that an overall health prevention behavior among garbage collectors was at the moderate level. The 6 factors, i.e., age, experiences of accident, knowledge of accidental prevention, support in PPE, organization policy, and social support were correlated with work-related accidental prevention at the level of p-value < .05. The significant of individual factors according to R2= .194, at the level of p-value < .05 were as follows, i.e., social support, experiences of accidental, age, knowledge of accidental prevention, and organization policy. The results of this study could be used to recommend that garbage collectors should get the support in PPE equipment, knowledge and advices from the foreman colleague or health staffs to increase the accidental prevention. Awareness of accidental prevention behaviors to working procedure, using PPE and take care of yourself should be promoted by an occupational health nurse and health staffs.

Keywords: Accidental Prevention Behaviors; Garbage Collectors

Comparative Study on the effectiveness of Two Teaching Medias: Use of Video and Use of Flip chart instructions on the knowledge of postpartum women for postpartum practices and breastfeeding skills
Matthana Sangwarn Nitaya Rotjananirunkit

ABSTRACT
This quasi-experimental research aims to compare the scores of the knowledge for postpartum practices and breastfeeding skills, and to assess the quality of videotape and the flip chart. One hundred purposively sampling were selected from the postpartum women in the obstetric ward at Ramathibodi Hospital. All sample were equally classified into 2 groups, 50 postpartum women for the experimental group and the rest for the comparison group. Both groups answered self-administered questionnaire before and after learning about knowledge of postpartum practices, breastfeeding skills including the quality of videotape and flip chart. The experimental group received education by video instructions while the comparison group received education by flip chart. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi square test and t-test. The results showed that the average scores of the postpartum practices and breastfeeding skills after receiving education within both group were significantly increased than those before, at the level of .001. The experimental group had significantly higher mean of satisfaction scores of the quality of video media than the comparative group at the level of < .001. The average scores of the postpartum practices and breastfeeding skills between two medias were no significantly at the level of p-value .05. This study suggests that the two teaching medias are helpful for postpartum women, however the quality of video media is better than the flip chart.

Keywords: video instructions, flip chart, postpartum practices, breastfeeding skills, postpartum women

Effect of Case Management Program for Older Adults With Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus.
Rangsima Rattanasila Kwanjai Amnatsatsue Sirintorn Chansirikanjana Siriprapa Klunklin Patcharoporn Kerdmongkol

ABSTRACT
Complications related to diabetes are more severe in the older adult than in other populations, which are at high risk for disability and reduced quality of life. This quasiexperimental research with one-group pretest-posttest design aimed to examine the effect of a case management program for older adults with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Thirty older adults with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus who attending the Outpatient Unit of the Family Medicine Department, Ramathibodi Hospital were purposively selected to attend the 12 week case management program that applied nursing support and knowledge of Orem's Theory.The program consisted of comprehensive health assessment, a clinical pathway developed by a multidisplinary team, health education and consultation, a home visit, follow-up telephone calls, and group learning- sharing activities. Self-care behaviors, HbA1C and quality of life were collected before and after the program . According to the paired t-test, after the experiment the sample had significantly higher scores on self-care behaviors compared with before the program (p-value < .05). HbA1C level decreased significantly (p-value < .05) and the quality of life was a significantly better score compared with before the program (p-value < .05). These findings suggest the case management program that applied nursing support and knowledge of Orem's Theory can improve self-care behaviors, HbA1C level and quality of life of older adults with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The case management program should be applied for other chronic diseases to prevent complications, reduce complexity of care, and improve quality of life among older adults.

Keywords: Older adults with diabetes mellitus; Case Management program; Self-care Behavior; Quality of life

Quality of Life Predictors of People Living with Hiv/Aids
Pramjit Tunboonyuen Yuwadee Leelukkanaveera Pornnapa Homsin

ABSTRACT
AIDS is a major public health problem in all countries, including Thailand. AIDS causes problems of illness and has impact which is more complex and severe than other chronic illnesses. This research, which was a predictive study , aimed to study factors predicting quality of life of those infected with HIV and AIDS at one community hospital in Chon Buri province. Sample was 284 HIV infected people and AIDS patients registered as HIV infected and AIDS patients. The sample was drawn by simple random sampling method. Data were collected between 29March – 15 April 2013with questionnaires and interviewing. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, point biserial correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The results showed that quality of life of sample of HIV-infected and AIDS patients, which was analyzed by Standard gamble had the utility scores average of 0.63 (0.35), with 95 percent confidence interval of the mean of 0.59 to 0.67. For univariate analysis, marital status (r = .13), income (.11) present physical health problems (r = - .12), CD4 count (r = .16), social support (r = .20) and depression score (r = .32) were significantly associated with quality of life. For multivariate analysis, the multiple regression models using Stepwise procedure showed that depression (b = - .26), 100 cells CD4 count (b = .02) and marital status (b = .12) could explain 13.70 % of the variations the quality of life of patients with HIV/ AIDS . (R2 = .1370, F = 14.79, p-value < .01). Suggestion: Health personnel should pay more attention on caring of those infected with HIV and AIDS since the level of quality of life of those infected were not satisfactory high. Especially for those who are single the level of quality of life is lower than that of those who are married. Also, caring of those infected with HIV and AIDS should cover both the physical dimensions that the body has higher amounts of CD4 lymphocyte and having the surveillance system and promoting the mental health to prevent depression.

Keywords: Quality of life; utility; HIV/AIDS.

The effectiveness of community-based fall prevention model to physical performance and fall among older adults in an urban community Bangkok: The follow up study
Kamonrat Kittipimpanon Phachongchit Kraithaworn

ABSTRACT
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the community-based fall prevention model over a 3-year follow-up period. The model consisted of 1) a multi-factorial fall risk assessment, 2) a fall campaign, 3) a fall education, 4) a balance exercise training, 5) home visits for medication review and for home hazard management, and 6) a fall management system. An urban community in Bangkok was a setting of this study. The sample consisted of 28 elders and 15 fall leader team. Focus group was conducted among fall leader team for assess the sustainability of the model. All qualitative data was evaluated via content analysis. An annual fall rate was collected from the surveillance form while the physical performance was measured after 3 years of balance exercise training. A paired t-test Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and McNemar test were used to examine differences in physical performance. The results showed that the community could maintain this model by themselves over 3 years. Exercise training operated by fall leader team while fall risk assessment, a fall education, and home visit was supported by public health nurse. However, home and community hazard modification had limitation due to their budget. The fall incidence was 7.14 % in each year. Older adults who participated in group exercise regularly had physical performance improvement: Five times sit to stand (t = 3.952, p-value <.01).
Timed up and go test (z = 3.061, p-value <.01).
and Turn 360 degree (z = 1.961, p-value <.05).
This finding suggested that community-based fall prevention model was effective model and sustainability. Older adults had capability for preventing falls by themselves especially exercise activity which was a sustainable activity that can improve and maintain the physical performance. Public health nurse was a facilitator and supporter for ongoing activities.

Keywords: Community-based fall prevention model/ older adults/ followed up study/ physical performance

Sexual Communication Skill Development Program by Peer Leader to Prevent Sexual Risk Behavior among Early Female Adolescents
Boonraksa Yanasan Arpaporn Powwattana Sutham Nanthamongkolchai Naruemon Auemaneekul

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this quasi – experimental study was to examine the effect of sexual communication skill development program by peer leader to prevent sexual risk behavior among early female adolescents. The sample included mattayomsuksa 1st(age 11-14 years old) students from 2 schools in Chiangmai Province. One group was the experimental group with 33 female students, and the other was selected as the comparison group with 35 female students. This study was conducted over a period of 14 weeks with an intervention period of 5 weeks and a follow up periods of 9 weeks.Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires, sexual intercourse and sexually transmitted diseases, reliability of knowledge (KR-20)=.77, perceived self-efficacy in affirming opinions, refusing, negotiation in order to avoid sexual risk behaviors and sexual risk preventive behaviors, reliability (Cronbach's Alpha) was .95 .93 .92 .72 respectively, Statistical analysis was performed by using percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, paired t-test, ANCOVA and Repeated Measure one way ANOVA. The result indicated that, after intervention and follow up period, the experimental group had significantly higher mean score of knowledge, self efficacy in affirming opinion, refusing and negotiation in order to avoid sexual risk behaviors (p-value.05).In addition, the experimental group had significant higher mean score of knowledge than the comparison group (p-value The result indicated that, sexual communication skill development program by peer leader to prevent sexual risk behavior among early female adolescents had some effect on increasing knowledge self efficacy in affirming opinion, refusing and negotiation in order to avoid sexual risk behaviors and prevention sexual risk behaviors.

Keywords: Sexual communication skill; Peer leader; Sexual risk behavior; Early female adolescents